Thailand's Company Count Gini by Province Hits 0.75 in 2026
In short
Thailand's 77 provinces score a Gini coefficient of 0.75 for registered company count, on a scale where zero means every province holds an equal share and one means a single province holds everything, as of 17 July 2026. Bangkok alone holds 40.9 percent of every company matched to a province. The five biggest provinces combined hold 61.5 percent. The bottom half, 38 provinces, hold just 7.7 percent between them. Company registration in Thailand clusters harder by province than the country's household income does, where the Gini sits near 0.33.
How unequal is Thailand's company count by province?
Rank Thailand's 77 provinces by how many registered companies they hold and the spread is stark. The Gini coefficient for company count sits at 0.746, which rounds to 0.75 on the zero to one scale where zero is perfect equality and one is total concentration in a single province, computed directly from market_province_insight (DBD, 2026). Bangkok holds 812,799 of the 1,986,137 companies matched to a province, a 40.9 percent share by itself. Add Chon Buri, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan and Pathum Thani and the top five provinces hold 61.5 percent of the total. The ten biggest provinces hold 72.8 percent. Flip to the other end and the bottom half, the 38 smallest provinces by company count, hold just 7.7 percent between them. A company registered outside the top ten provinces sits in a genuinely thin market.
The Lorenz curve for company count by province
Figures in cumulative percent of companies, provinces ranked smallest to largest.
A straight diagonal line would mean every province holds an equal share of companies. The bowed curve below it is the visual signature behind a 0.75 Gini.
The ten most concentrated provinces by company count
| Rank | Province | Companies | Share of total | Cumulative share |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Bangkok | 812,799 | 40.92% | 40.92% |
| 2 | Chon Buri | 127,023 | 6.40% | 47.32% |
| 3 | Nonthaburi | 102,370 | 5.15% | 52.47% |
| 4 | Samut Prakan | 97,609 | 4.91% | 57.39% |
| 5 | Pathum Thani | 81,256 | 4.09% | 61.48% |
| 6 | Chiang Mai | 65,164 | 3.28% | 64.76% |
| 7 | Phuket | 52,557 | 2.65% | 67.41% |
| 8 | Surat Thani | 40,161 | 2.02% | 69.43% |
| 9 | Nakhon Ratchasima | 33,958 | 1.71% | 71.14% |
| 10 | Rayong | 33,083 | 1.67% | 72.80% |
Company count, share of the 77 province total and running cumulative share, ranked from the largest province down, as of 17 Jul 2026.
The ten smallest provinces by company count
| Rank from bottom | Province | Companies | Share of total |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Mae Hong Son | 1,569 | 0.08% |
| 2 | Uthai Thani | 2,099 | 0.11% |
| 3 | Satun | 2,110 | 0.11% |
| 4 | Amnat Charoen | 2,288 | 0.12% |
| 5 | Sing Buri | 2,306 | 0.12% |
| 6 | Bueng Kan | 2,326 | 0.12% |
| 7 | Samut Songkhram | 2,468 | 0.12% |
| 8 | Ranong | 2,651 | 0.13% |
| 9 | Ang Thong | 2,894 | 0.15% |
| 10 | Chai Nat | 2,897 | 0.15% |
The smallest provinces each hold a fraction of a percent of the total, as of 17 Jul 2026.
Why this matters
Company registration is not spread across Thailand's map the way population or households are. Compare the 0.75 company count Gini to Thailand's household income Gini, which sits near 0.33 as of 2024 according to World Bank estimates (World Bank, 2024). Business formation clusters around Bangkok and its industrial neighbors more than twice as hard as household income concentrates among Thai families. These same five provinces, still ranked by company count, generate 78.5 percent of this site's separately reported revenue total. Rank the provinces by revenue instead and a different top five appears, swapping Rayong in for Nonthaburi, and that list reaches 80.5 percent of revenue, a reminder that revenue and headcount tell related but distinct stories. Where a company gets founded still tracks ports, suppliers, licensed professionals and a deep labor pool far more than it tracks where people simply live. A founder outside the top ten provinces is choosing a market with a fraction of the registered peers, local suppliers and potential customers that a founder in Samut Prakan or Chon Buri can reach without leaving the province. Median company count sits at just 6,728, and 63 of the 77 provinces, more than four in five, fall below the 25,794 company average. The mean is pulled upward by a handful of giants, exactly what a 0.75 Gini predicts.
Definitions
- Gini coefficient
- A single number between 0 and 1 that summarizes how unevenly a total is spread across units. Zero means every unit holds an identical share. One means a single unit holds the entire total.
- Lorenz curve
- A plot of the cumulative share of the total held by units ranked from smallest to largest. The further the curve bows below a straight diagonal line, the higher the Gini coefficient.
- Registered company
- A juristic person registered with the DBD and carrying a size band classification, whether active or dormant, counted at its registered address.
- Province linked total
- The 1,986,137 registered companies whose address matches one of the 77 provinces, used as the denominator for every share in this analysis instead of the wider national registry total.
Assumptions
- Companies are counted at their registered address, which can differ from where they actually operate.
- About 572 companies with no matched province, roughly 0.03 percent of the province linked total, are excluded from the distribution and the Gini calculation.
- The Gini coefficient treats each of the 77 provinces as one unit regardless of population or land area, so it measures how registrations concentrate across administrative units, not per person or per square kilometer.
- The comparison income Gini is a national household measure from a different data source and year and is included for scale, not as a directly matched benchmark.
Methodology
The Gini coefficient is computed from entity_count in the Department of Business Development registered company registry, aggregated by province in market_province_insight, as of 17 July 2026, the computed_at timestamp on the rows queried. It is calculated across the 77 provinces that a registered address maps to, using the standard rank weighted Gini formula on sorted company counts, then cross checked against the mean absolute pairwise difference formula, which returned the same result. About 572 companies, roughly 0.03 percent of the province linked total, carry no matched province and are excluded from the province level distribution and the Gini calculation itself. Every share in this analysis is computed against the 1,986,137 companies matched to one of the 77 provinces, not against the wider national registry total, since the Gini is only defined across that matched set. Registered companies include both active and dormant registrations recorded at their registered address, which can differ from where a firm actually operates.
How we verified this
- Summed entity_count across all 77 named provinces in market_province_insight: the total is 1,986,137. Adding the 572 companies with no matched province gives 1,986,709, matching the registry's count of companies carrying a size band classification.
- Computed the Gini coefficient with the rank weighted formula on the sorted 77 province company counts and independently cross checked it with the mean absolute pairwise difference formula. Both methods returned 0.7462, which rounds to 0.75.
- Recomputed Bangkok's share: 812,799 divided by 1,986,137 equals 40.92 percent, rounded to 40.9 percent.
- Summed the five largest provinces, Bangkok 812,799 plus Chon Buri 127,023 plus Nonthaburi 102,370 plus Samut Prakan 97,609 plus Pathum Thani 81,256, equals 1,221,057. Divided by 1,986,137 that is 61.48 percent, rounded to 61.5 percent.
- Summed the ten largest provinces to 1,445,980, divided by 1,986,137, giving 72.80 percent.
- Sorted all 77 provinces ascending and summed the smallest 38, giving 152,982, divided by 1,986,137 equals 7.70 percent.
- Divided Bangkok's 812,799 companies by Mae Hong Son's 1,569, giving a ratio of 518.04, rounded to 518.
- Computed the simple mean, 1,986,137 divided by 77 equals 25,794 companies, and counted 63 of the 77 provinces with entity_count below that mean.
- Queried live total_revenue for the same top five provinces by company count, Bangkok, Chon Buri, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan and Pathum Thani, summing to 62,895,193,647,412.87 baht against a province table revenue total of 80,081,498,171,717.56 baht, giving a 78.5 percent revenue share for this article's own top five, distinct from the 80.5 percent figure this site reports for the separate revenue ranked top five that swaps in Rayong for Nonthaburi.
References
- Department of Business Development. (2026). Registered juristic persons by province. Ministry of Commerce, Thailand. https://www.dbd.go.th/
- World Bank. (2024). GINI index, Thailand. World Bank Open Data, sourced via Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FRED database. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SIPOVGINITHA
Frequently asked questions
What is Thailand's Gini coefficient for registered companies by province?
0.75, computed from company counts across the 77 provinces recorded in the DBD registry, on a scale where zero is perfect equality and one is total concentration in a single province.
Is company count more or less concentrated than company revenue by province?
Revenue concentrates harder. This article's top five provinces by company count, Bangkok, Chon Buri, Nonthaburi, Samut Prakan and Pathum Thani, hold 61.5 percent of companies and 78.5 percent of reported revenue. Rank by revenue instead and a different top five appears, swapping in Rayong for Nonthaburi, and that list reaches 80.5 percent of revenue.
How does this compare with Thailand's income inequality?
Company registration concentrates far more than household income. Thailand's income Gini sits near 0.33 as of 2024 according to World Bank data, less than half the 0.75 Gini for registered companies by province.
Which province has the fewest registered companies?
Mae Hong Son, with 1,569 registered companies, a 0.08 percent share of the 77 province total.
Cite this page
Chatpong L. (2026). Thailand's Company Count Gini by Province Hits 0.75 in 2026. Max Data Insights. https://maxdatathailand.com/insights/how-unequal-is-thailands-company-count-by-province-2026
Data & corrections
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Written by
Chatpong L.Founder, Max Data, Max Solutions Co., Ltd.
Chatpong L. leads Max Data, a company-intelligence platform built on Thailand's official business registry. He writes about the structure of the Thai economy using primary registry data. His work covers company formation, industry concentration, and regional business activity.
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This page reports company-level and aggregate statistics only. It names no individuals and makes no claims about any person. Figures are provided for information and may be revised as source data updates.