Thailand's TSIC Industry Code Gini Hits 0.83 in 2026
In short
Thailand's 1,228 five-digit TSIC industry codes score a Gini coefficient of 0.83 for registered company count, as of 17 July 2026, on a scale where zero means perfect equality and one means a single code holds everything. The largest code, TSIC 41002 in the construction section, holds 165,550 companies. Forty seven codes hold exactly one company each. Just 47 codes, fewer than one in twenty, hold 51.3 percent of every classified company in Thailand. That is a sharper split than the 0.75 Gini this site already measured across provinces.
How unequal is Thailand's company count across industry codes?
Rank Thailand's 1,228 five digit TSIC industry codes by how many registered companies each one holds and the spread is extreme. The Gini coefficient for company count sits at 0.834, which rounds to 0.83 on the zero to one scale where zero is perfect equality and one is total concentration in a single code, computed directly from market_tsic_insight (DBD, 2026). The single largest code, TSIC 41002 in the construction section, holds 165,550 of the 1,986,709 companies carrying a classified industry code, an 8.3 percent share by itself. Forty seven codes sit at the opposite extreme, each with exactly one registered company. The median code holds 194 companies, while the average code holds 1,618, and that gap alone signals a distribution pulled hard toward a handful of giants. Just 47 codes, fewer than one in twenty of the total, clear 10,000 companies each and together hold 51.3 percent of every classified company in the country. The other 1,181 codes split the remaining 48.7 percent among themselves.
The Lorenz curve for company count by TSIC code
Figures in cumulative percent of companies, TSIC codes ranked smallest to largest.
A straight diagonal line would mean every code holds an equal share. This curve barely lifts off zero until the last tenth of codes, the visual signature behind a 0.83 Gini.
The twelve largest TSIC codes by company count
| Rank | TSIC code | Section | Companies | Share of total | Cumulative share |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 41002 | F | 165,550 | 8.33% | 8.33% |
| 2 | 68102 | L | 59,095 | 2.97% | 11.31% |
| 3 | 56101 | I | 51,204 | 2.58% | 13.88% |
| 4 | 41001 | F | 38,439 | 1.93% | 15.82% |
| 5 | 46599 | G | 36,728 | 1.85% | 17.67% |
| 6 | 70209 | M | 34,086 | 1.72% | 19.38% |
| 7 | 46109 | G | 28,036 | 1.41% | 20.80% |
| 8 | 73101 | M | 26,279 | 1.32% | 22.12% |
| 9 | 68101 | L | 26,207 | 1.32% | 23.44% |
| 10 | 68103 | L | 26,155 | 1.32% | 24.75% |
| 11 | 43210 | F | 25,733 | 1.30% | 26.05% |
| 12 | 49323 | H | 25,521 | 1.28% | 27.33% |
Company count, section and share of the 1,986,709 classified total, ranked from the largest code down, as of 17 Jul 2026.
How the 1,228 codes split by size
| Company count bucket | TSIC codes | Share of codes | Companies held | Share of companies |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 company | 47 | 3.8% | 47 | 0.0% |
| 2 to 10 companies | 155 | 12.6% | 701 | 0.0% |
| 11 to 100 companies | 283 | 23.0% | 13,508 | 0.7% |
| 101 to 999 companies | 447 | 36.4% | 167,774 | 8.4% |
| 1,000 to 9,999 companies | 249 | 20.3% | 786,151 | 39.6% |
| 10,000 or more companies | 47 | 3.8% | 1,018,528 | 51.3% |
Every TSIC code sorted into a size bucket by its company count, with the share of codes and the share of companies each bucket holds, as of 17 Jul 2026.
Why this matters
This concentration is not spread evenly across the economy either. Manufacturing carries 421 of the 1,228 codes, more than a third of the whole register, yet those codes hold only 230,396 companies between them, an average of 547 per code. Wholesale and retail trade carries just 200 codes but packs 716,066 companies into them, an average of 3,580 per code, more than six times as dense. A founder picking a manufacturing code is entering one of hundreds of thinly populated categories. A founder picking a wholesale or retail code is stepping into one of a small number of extremely crowded ones. The 0.83 Gini for TSIC codes also runs harder than the 0.75 Gini this site measured for company count across Thailand's 77 provinces, which means business activity clusters more sharply by what a company does than by where it is registered. For a lender, a regulator or anyone sizing a market from the outside, a single national average across 1,228 codes hides two very different economies at once. One is a long tail of niche categories with a handful of firms each. The other is a short list of codes so crowded that competition, not scarcity, defines the game.
Definitions
- Gini coefficient
- A single number between 0 and 1 that summarizes how unevenly a total is spread across units. Zero means every unit holds an identical share. One means a single unit holds the entire total.
- Lorenz curve
- A plot of the cumulative share of the total held by units ranked from smallest to largest. The further the curve bows below a straight diagonal line, the higher the Gini coefficient.
- TSIC code
- A five digit code from Thailand's Standard Industrial Classification, the DBD's own system for tagging each registered company with the specific activity it performs.
- TSIC section
- One of 21 lettered groups that TSIC codes roll up into, such as C for manufacturing or G for wholesale and retail trade. This dataset does not publish the name of each five digit code, only its section letter.
Assumptions
- Every share in this analysis is computed against the 1,986,709 companies carrying a classified TSIC code, not the wider national registry total of 1,989,709.
- The 1,986,709 figure comes directly from summing entity_count in market_tsic_insight, which differs by about 220 companies from the section level table total published elsewhere on this site, a known small gap between the two aggregation levels.
- Five digit code names are not available in this dataset, so codes are identified by number and by their one letter section only.
- Companies are counted regardless of whether they are active or dormant, and regardless of whether they filed a financial statement.
- The 1,228 codes are treated as equal units for the Gini calculation regardless of how broad or narrow each code's own activity definition happens to be.
Methodology
The Gini coefficient is computed from entity_count in the Department of Business Development registry, aggregated by five digit TSIC industry code in market_tsic_insight, as of 17 July 2026, the computed_at timestamp on the rows queried. It uses the standard rank weighted Gini formula applied to the 1,228 codes sorted ascending by company count, cross checked with a second rank weighted formula built from descending rank, and both returned the identical value. Every share in this analysis is computed against the 1,986,709 companies carrying a classified TSIC code, not the wider national registry total of 1,989,709, since a small number of companies carry no industry classification. Five digit code names are not published in this dataset, so codes are identified by number and by the one letter industry section they belong to, using the DBD's own 21 section structure. Registered companies include both active and dormant registrations.
How we verified this
- Summed entity_count across all 1,228 TSIC codes in market_tsic_insight: the total is 1,986,709, matching the registry's count of companies carrying a size band classification.
- Computed the Gini coefficient with the rank weighted formula on the 1,228 codes sorted ascending by company count, then independently cross checked it with the same formula built from descending rank. Both returned 0.8338635308925923, which rounds to 0.834 and then to 0.83.
- Recomputed the top code's share: 165,550 divided by 1,986,709 equals 8.33 percent.
- Summed the ten largest codes, 165,550 plus 59,095 plus 51,204 plus 38,439 plus 36,728 plus 34,086 plus 28,036 plus 26,279 plus 26,207 plus 26,155, equals 491,779. Divided by 1,986,709 that is 24.75 percent.
- Grouped codes by entity_count and confirmed 47 codes equal to 1 and a separate 47 codes at 10,000 or more. The 47 largest hold 1,018,528 companies, 51.27 percent of the total, while the 47 smallest hold 47 companies, 0.002 percent of the total.
- Sorted all 1,228 codes ascending and summed the smallest 614, giving 32,751, divided by 1,986,709 equals 1.65 percent.
- Summed section G, wholesale and retail trade, 200 codes holding 716,066 companies for an average of 3,580 per code, against section C, manufacturing, 421 codes holding 230,396 companies for an average of 547 per code.
- Computed the simple average, 1,986,709 divided by 1,228 equals 1,617.84 companies per code, against a median of 194, confirming the distribution sits far above its own midpoint.
References
- Department of Business Development. (2026). Registered juristic persons by industry classification. Ministry of Commerce, Thailand. https://www.dbd.go.th/
- World Bank. (2024). GINI index, Thailand. World Bank Open Data, sourced via Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis FRED database. https://fred.stlouisfed.org/series/SIPOVGINITHA
Frequently asked questions
What is Thailand's Gini coefficient for company count across TSIC industry codes?
0.83, computed from company counts across the 1,228 five digit TSIC codes recorded in the DBD registry, on a scale where zero is perfect equality and one is total concentration in a single code.
Which TSIC code has the most registered companies?
TSIC 41002, in the construction section, with 165,550 companies, an 8.3 percent share of every classified company in Thailand.
How many TSIC codes have only one registered company?
47 codes, 3.8 percent of the 1,228 total, each hold exactly one company.
Is industry code concentration higher or lower than provincial concentration?
Higher. The TSIC code Gini of 0.83 runs above the 0.75 Gini this site measured for company count across Thailand's 77 provinces.
Cite this page
Chatpong L. (2026). Thailand's TSIC Industry Code Gini Hits 0.83 in 2026. Max Data Insights. https://maxdatathailand.com/insights/how-unequal-is-thailands-company-count-across-industry-codes-2026
Data & corrections
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Written by
Chatpong L.Founder, Max Data, Max Solutions Co., Ltd.
Chatpong L. leads Max Data, a company-intelligence platform built on Thailand's official business registry. He writes about the structure of the Thai economy using primary registry data. His work covers company formation, industry concentration, and regional business activity.
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This page reports company-level and aggregate statistics only. It names no individuals and makes no claims about any person. Figures are provided for information and may be revised as source data updates.